CRANIAL SACRAL THERAPY IN MARKHAM

Gentle, non-invasive touch to release deep tension, relieve stress, and optimize your central nervous system.

An Honest Guide for Headaches, Stress and Jaw Pain

Cranial Sacral Therapy (CST) is a remarkably gentle, hands-on approach that evaluates and enhances the functioning of the craniosacral system—the protective membranes and cerebrospinal fluid that surround and protect your brain and spinal cord. At Form & Function Markham, our skilled Osteopathic Manual Practitioners use a very light touch (about the weight of a nickel) to carefully examine these membranes and the movement of the fluids in and around the central nervous system.

Every day, your body endures stresses and strains that it must work to compensate for. Unfortunately, these changes often cause body tissues to tighten and distort the craniosacral system, which can create restrictions and negatively impact the performance of your brain and spinal cord. By delicately releasing these restrictions, Cranial Sacral Therapy helps alleviate a wide variety of dysfunctions, from chronic pain to deep-seated stress, allowing your entire body to relax and self-correct.

 Because of its profound effect on the central nervous system, Cranial Sacral Therapy is highly effective for addressing:

  • Migraines & Chronic Headaches: Releasing tension in the head and neck to significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of severe headaches and migraines.

  • TMJ Dysfunction & Jaw Pain: Gently alleviating the tightness and structural imbalances in the jaw and facial bones that cause clicking, clenching, and pain.

  • Post-Concussion Syndrome: Supporting the brain’s natural healing process and reducing lingering symptoms like brain fog, dizziness, and light sensitivity following a head injury.

  • Chronic Neck & Back Pain: Releasing restrictions along the spinal cord and nervous system to provide deep relief from stubborn, long-standing musculoskeletal pain.

  • Stress, Anxiety & Nervous System Dysregulation: Promoting a profound state of relaxation, helping to shift the body out of a “fight or flight” stress response and into a state of deep rest and recovery.

    It’s Thursday, almost six o’clock. A band of tension starts between your shoulder blades. By the time your GO train pulls out of Union Station, headed home to Markham, it has climbed to your temples. You know this headache. It visits most weeks, like it has a standing appointment.

A body that won’t switch off

Maybe your days look like this. Nine hours at a screen downtown. The train there and back. A phone that never stops.

You’ve tried things. Massage helps, but only for a day. Stretching videos before bed. Painkillers dull the edge without touching the cause.

By the weekend the tightness is back, like it never left.

Or maybe you’re a new mom in Cornell, on Markham’s east side. You feed the baby hunched on the couch. Sleep arrives in three-hour pieces. Now you wake with a jaw that clicks and aches by seven in the morning.

Or you’re simply wired but tired. Your body feels braced all day, like it’s waiting for bad news. Even in bed, it won’t stand down.

That always-on-guard feeling is the real problem. It’s the one thing most quick fixes never reach.

There’s a very gentle kind of hands-on care that aims right at it. You may have read that it’s pseudoscience. Here is what it is, and what the studies actually found.

What craniosacral therapy is

Craniosacral therapy (also written cranial sacral therapy, or CST) is one of the gentlest hands-on treatments there is.

You lie on a treatment table with all your clothes on. The practitioner rests their hands lightly on your head, the base of your spine, and sometimes your neck, jaw or shoulders. The holds are slow and still.

Nothing is cracked. Nothing is stretched or forced. The touch is very light, about the weight of a few coins. It feels closer to a hand resting than a massage stroke.

Most people get off the table more relaxed than they expected. Some drift right to the edge of sleep.

CST grew out of osteopathy, a kind of hands-on therapy. At our Markham clinic, it sits within our osteopathic care. Our craniosacral therapy page describes the service itself.

How can such a light touch do anything?

If you’re skeptical here, that’s reasonable. There are two ideas behind it, and we only lean on one.

The old idea says a subtle rhythm moves in the fluid around your brain and spine, and light touch can free it. Science has not backed this up. In tests, trained examiners could not even agree on feeling that rhythm. So we won’t sell you that story.

The simpler idea is the one we use. Slow, light touch around the head and neck seems to send your nervous system a safety signal. It wakes up the rest-and-digest side of your body, the side that slows your heart rate and breathing. That’s the opposite of the braced, on-guard state that stress builds.

One small 2024 research review found a short-term shift toward that calm state after CST. It’s an early signal from only a few small studies, not proof. A placebo effect, where relief comes from expecting it, has not been ruled out either.

Science is still testing this. If the evidence shifts, so will this page.

How craniosacral therapy may help you

People in Markham book CST for a few common reasons. Here’s where it may fit, and how strong the proof is for each.

Tension headaches and long-lasting neck pain. The strongest single trial of CST was for neck pain that had gone on for months. People in it reported meaningful pain reductions at eight and twenty weeks.

Still, it was one small study. So we say “may help”, never “will fix”. CST also pairs well with manual therapy for neck pain when firmer work makes sense.

Migraine, alongside your doctor’s care. Two small trials suggest CST may lower how often migraines hit and how much they disrupt life.

It belongs beside your medical care, never in place of it. Medication decisions stay between you and your doctor. We will never suggest changing a prescription.

Jaw clenching and night grinding. Hands-on work around the jaw muscles and upper neck has fair evidence for jaw pain. The evidence for CST alone here is thin. For sore jaws, we usually blend gentle and firmer techniques rather than rely on light touch by itself.

Stress, poor sleep, and feeling wired but tired. This is where the early science is clearest. Many people book CST simply to give their nervous system an hour with no reason to defend itself.

Nobody has tested whether that beats a good nap over the long run. At the very least, most find it a deeply calming hour.

Lingering symptoms after a concussion, with one big caution. There are no high-quality studies of CST for concussion. None.

Your doctor leads concussion care, full stop. After a doctor has checked you, CST can be a gentle add-on that some patients find calming.

A fair summary: some small studies are hopeful, the strictest reviews are not convinced, and the risk is very low. So we suggest a short, tracked trial, and we let your own results decide.

When craniosacral therapy is not the right first step

Safety comes before bookings. Please read this part.

Some problems need a doctor, not anyone’s hands:

  • A recent skull fracture.
  • A known or suspected bleed in the head, or an aneurysm (a weak spot in a blood vessel).
  • A stroke that is happening or just happened.
  • A severe bleeding disorder.

A careful practitioner will decline the session in these cases. So will we.

New, severe or fast-changing symptoms also mean doctor first. The worst headache of your life. Sudden trouble with vision, speech, strength or balance. See a physician before you see us.

After a head injury, some signs are emergencies:

  • A headache that keeps getting worse.
  • Repeated vomiting.
  • Growing confusion.
  • New nerve symptoms.

Those mean the hospital, not a manual therapy appointment.

Two more notes we could leave out, but won’t:

  • We do not offer CST for infant colic or baby head-shape worries. The studies behind those claims had serious flaws. We would rather lose the booking than make a claim we can’t stand behind.
  • If you like firm, deep pressure, CST will feel like almost nothing is happening. Hands-on manual therapy will likely suit you better.

And if anyone promises you a guaranteed result from any treatment, walk away. No honest practitioner can sell you one.

What happens at Form & Function

Craniosacral therapy here is provided by Faheem Kayum, osteopathic manual practitioner. He holds a Master’s in Osteopathic Manipulative Sciences (M.OMSc), an advanced degree in hands-on care.

His work centres on long-lasting pain, stress-linked problems and pregnancy discomfort. He also supports concussion recovery alongside doctor-led care.

Your first visit starts with your health story and one simple question: what do you want to change? Nobody here reads from a script.

Sessions run about 45 to 60 minutes. You stay fully clothed, in a private treatment room. The clinic sits at 8500 Warden Ave., inside the Unionville Athletic Club, and has served Markham since 2009.

If you need more than one kind of care, help is down the hall. Physiotherapy, chiropractic, massage therapy and acupuncture all work here as one team.

During a session, most people feel warmth, heaviness, or a slow drift toward sleep. A few feel briefly light-headed or extra tired afterward. That usually passes within a day.

We don’t ask for an open-ended commitment. We suggest a short trial: three or four sessions while you track one number that matters to you. Something like:

  • Headache days per week.
  • Nights of unbroken sleep.
  • Jaw soreness when you wake up.

If your number moves, we keep going. If it doesn’t, we tell you, and we change the plan or point you somewhere more useful.

Two facts you can verify yourself. First, manual osteopathy is not a regulated health profession in Ontario. There is no government body that oversees it and no standard licensing exam, so it’s smart to ask any practitioner about their training.

Second, in Ontario the title “osteopath” is reserved for osteopathic physicians. That’s why you’ll only ever see “osteopathic manual practitioner” here, and never “Dr.”

On the practical side, many extended health plans cover osteopathy. We offer direct billing to make claims easier.

Questions we hear a lot

Q1: Does craniosacral therapy really work, or is it a placebo?

A fair question, and science hasn’t settled it. Some small trials show real benefits for neck pain and migraine. The strictest 2024 review found none. The risk is very low, so we suggest a short trial while you track your own numbers.

Good instinct to set a limit before you start. Three or four sessions, tracked against something real, like headache days per week. One relaxing hour isn’t proof of lasting change. If nothing moves after four, more of the same isn’t the answer.

Right to be cautious here. See your doctor first. That part isn’t negotiable. After a medical check, CST can be a gentle add-on that some patients find calming. Warning signs like worsening headache, vomiting or confusion mean the emergency department right away.

Smart to check before you spend anything. Many extended health plans cover osteopathy, and CST at our clinic is billed under osteopathy. Coverage depends on your plan and insurer, so check your policy first. We offer direct billing.

Worth asking, and the answer is no. Manual osteopathy is not regulated in Ontario, and the title “osteopath” is legally kept for osteopathic physicians. Ask any practitioner about their training. A good one will answer plainly. They hold a credential like the M.OMSc and work alongside your medical team, not in place of it.

You don’t have to be convinced to try one session. Book an appointment online or call 905-604-9355. Bring your hardest questions. At our Markham clinic, skeptical first visits are often the best ones.

Trusted by Markham Community

Peter Pakatchian profile picture
Peter Pakatchian
2 years ago
I go to Afshin at this location, and he has been amazing from the get-go gave me exercises to strengthen the area of treatment and keeps pushing the limits to bring my shoulder to full potential again.
Receptionist are great and friendly
Edpel John Alpas profile picture
Edpel John Alpas
2 years ago
Great clinic! Nice staff and convenient because of the direct billing to health insurance companies they offer. You don't have to shell out money when you make an appointment with them.
Leah K profile picture
Leah K
2 years ago
I’ve been coming to Form and Function for a few years now and really like it! Michelle is my RMT and is the best!
Sam Atashin profile picture
Sam Atashin
2 years ago
Afshin has been helping me for many sports related injuries. Since he has athletic background, he has amazing understanding on how to treat injuries effectively.
Jacob Crowe profile picture
Jacob Crowe
2 years ago
Francis Rocha profile picture
Francis Rocha
2 years ago
Alex Kan profile picture
Alex Kan
2 years ago
Andrew McCurrie profile picture
Andrew McCurrie
2 years ago
My daughter pulled a muscle that was bothering her for weeks and stopping her doing stuff

When she was done, she felt great and caught up on a bunch of stuff.

I go there for massages. It loosens me up when I can’t move very much. They know what they are doing.
Dorsa Sadaghiani profile picture
Dorsa Sadaghiani
2 years ago
Sisi L profile picture
Sisi L
2 years ago
Michelle Hu is amazing!i got a back injuries and was not able to sit up or move for almost 2 weeks, after 2 appointments i was able to start moving, and another 2 i was fixed!ever since i go once a month to prevent future injuries.
I went into Form & Function with bad neck/shoulder pain. It was my first visit and the minute I walked in, I was greeted by the lovely and sweet receptionist Carla 🥹💕 and then had a wonderful experience with Afshin (physiotherapy) who was very knowledgeable, professional and skilled. All around, an amazing team! 🙏🏽 thank you sooo much! Looking forward to my next appointment ☺️
Nicolo Tiu profile picture
Nicolo Tiu
2 years ago
Best physiotherapy in markham!
Antonella K profile picture
Antonella K
2 years ago
Dr. Chris is very knowledgeable and tries his best to make sure your needs are addressed. My headaches and pain have subsided substantially thanks to him. Highly recommend.
Victor Young profile picture
Victor Young
2 years ago
Ray Parker profile picture
Ray Parker
2 years ago
I have been going to this clinic for about 4 years and I’ve really enjoyed the experience. They have experienced RMTs and physiotherapists. Never had any issues with direct billing and they have been able to accommodate my schedule/ rescheduling request on multiple occasions
Steven Lim profile picture
Steven Lim
2 years ago
Hands down Chris is the best Chiropractor I ever had. I come with different set of problems and each one is treated.
Saurabh Yadav profile picture
Saurabh Yadav
2 years ago
Kyle Yamasaki profile picture
Kyle Yamasaki
2 years ago
Came into Form and Function with stiff shoulder and neck. I was lucky to get an appointment with Afshin who was extremely helpful and professional. After about three treatments my neck and shoulders are feeling much better. Highly recommend this physiotherapy!
Inchara T profile picture
Inchara T
2 years ago
I went with a bad catch in my neck and was so lucky to get appointments. The session was so useful and relieved me from pain. I had struggled for 3 days with unbearable pain in my neck. The massage helped me with my posture and stretch my neck. I am so happy with their service, very polite, professional and experts at their job.
N D profile picture
N D
2 years ago
Stephen H profile picture
Stephen H
2 years ago
Great treatment. Friendly and knowledgeable staff!
Angelo Perera profile picture
Angelo Perera
2 years ago
Dr. Jimmy is very supportive and encourages you to push yourself to be better.
Michael S profile picture
Michael S
2 years ago
After dealing with a nagging groin injury for what feels like forever, I decided to give Form & Function a shot. And boy, am I glad I did! This place has been a game-changer. The personalized program they put together for me has been way more effective than any physio I've tried in the past. Seriously, if you're struggling with a long-term injury like mine, give Form & Function a try. You won't regret it.
Joe Yee profile picture
Joe Yee
2 years ago
Attlee Lam is a true professional. Did an amazing job relieving my pain. Would buy again 🤣
Roland Fernandes profile picture
Roland Fernandes
2 years ago
Dr Jim is an excellent Chiropractic practitioner. I recently sustained a serious cycling injury. Dr Jim treated me and now I am completely out of pain and on my road to total recovery.
I am so grateful for his expertise and knowledge in my treatment.

Thank you Dr. Jim!
Lumi Marin profile picture
Lumi Marin
3 years ago
Rich Gaasenbeek profile picture
Rich Gaasenbeek
3 years ago
I had two treatments with Afshin to fix a bad case of tennis elbow, and combined with diligently doing the exercises he assigned me, the problem was cured after two sessions. Amazing!
Jennifer Feng profile picture
Jennifer Feng
3 years ago
I am an avid volleyball player with multiple injuries. Here I’m always taken care of by this amazing team of people!
Steve Kaske profile picture
Steve Kaske
3 years ago
Attlee did an amazing job!!! Receptionist was very friendly!! Ill be back!! An amazing 1st time massage experience !!!
Montana Dallas profile picture
Montana Dallas
3 years ago
Dr. Chris was extremely hard working and knowledgeable. My muscle gave him a lot of resistance but he worked through it and gave me some much needed relief. He answered all of my many questions clearly and concisely. Great first experience !
Grey M profile picture
Grey M
3 years ago
Best massage I have ever found. great staff, friendly and they know me by name. I never feel like they are taking my business for granted. I can't say enough good things about them. Treat me like family.
Mohamed Maslati profile picture
Mohamed Maslati
3 years ago
I started in Form & Function July 2023, seeing Afshin (physiotherapy), Chris (chiropractic), and Ada (RMT) for my severe low back pain. I had a great assessment and treatment, resulted in a significant improve to my condition. I sincerely appreciate their service and effort, and I highly recommend it for all.
kay asemota profile picture
kay asemota
3 years ago
I had an amazing and relaxing massage with RMT Ada today. My tight and tensed back muscles are relaxed now. I booked my next session with her immediately after so I wouldn’t have a longer wait time.

References

These studies and resources support the claims made in the article.

  • Haller H, Lauche R, Sundberg T, Dobos G, Cramer H (2019). Craniosacral therapy for chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.
  • Ceballos-Laita L, Ernst E, Carrasco-Uribarren A, Cabanillas-Barea S, Esteban-Perez J, Jimenez-Del-Barrio S (2024). Is Craniosacral Therapy Effective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel).
  • Carrasco-Uribarren A, Mamud-Meroni L, Tarcaya GE, Jimenez-Del-Barrio S, Cabanillas-Barea S, Ceballos-Laita L (2023). Clinical Effectiveness of Craniosacral Therapy in Patients with Headache Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pain Management Nursing.
  • Haller H, Lauche R, Cramer H, Rampp T, Saha FJ, Ostermann T, Dobos G (2016). Craniosacral Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Sham-controlled Trial. Clinical Journal of Pain.
  • Munoz-Gomez E, Ingles M, Aguilar-Rodriguez M, Molla-Casanova S, Sempere-Rubio N, Serra-Ano P, Espi-Lopez GV (2022). Effect of a Craniosacral Therapy Protocol in People with Migraine: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine.
  • Araci A, Ozsimsek A, Yulug B, Karacay E (2024). Comparison of Craniosacral Therapy and Myofascial Relaxation Techniques in People with Migraine Headache: A Randomized Controlled Study. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine.
  • Guillaud A, Darbois N, Monvoisin R, Pinsault N (2016). Reliability of Diagnosis and Clinical Efficacy of Cranial Osteopathy: A Systematic Review. PLoS One.
  • Cook AC, Egli AE, Cohen NE, Bernardi K, Chae MY, Kapalko BA, Coyne SA, Scott R (2024). The Neurophysiological Effects of Craniosacral Treatment on Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis. Cureus.
  • Kratz SV, Kratz DJ (2021). Effects of CranioSacral therapy upon symptoms of post-acute concussion and Post-Concussion Syndrome: A pilot study. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies.
  • Wetzler G, Roland M, Fryer-Dietz S, Dettmann-Ahern D (2017). CranioSacral Therapy and Visceral Manipulation: A New Treatment Intervention for Concussion Recovery. Medical Acupuncture.
  • Calixtre LB, Moreira RFC, Franchini GH, Alburquerque-Sendin F, Oliveira AB (2015). Manual therapy for the management of pain and limited range of motion in subjects with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation.
  • Jakel A, von Hauenschild P (2012). A systematic review to evaluate the clinical benefits of craniosacral therapy. Complementary Therapies in Medicine.
  • Ontario Association of Osteopathic Manual Practitioners — Regulation in Ontario: https://osteopathyontario.org/site/about/regulation
  • Cleveland Clinic health library — Craniosacral Therapy: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17677-craniosacral-therapy

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